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CIVIC HERALD
HR 15 · 119th Congress · HouseIn committee

Equality Act

In plain language: This bill bans discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in employment, housing, credit, federal jury service, and public spaces. It broadens civil rights coverage to include everyday establishments like retail shops, healthcare facilities, banks, online services, and transportation providers, while ensuring access to shared facilities like restrooms according to an individual's gender identity. Furthermore, it prevents the Religious Freedom Restoration Act from being used to challenge or defend against these non-discrimination requirements.

Provisional: our plain-language summary, pending review.

Provisionalunreviewed: impact, issue tags, provisions, stakeholders, summary
People affectednot determinable from the text provided
Fiscal magnitudeno CBO estimate published
Reach88provisional · pending reviewrigor: heuristic llm
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Issues

What this bill touches.

Market protections+50LGBTQ+ policy+85Workplace standards+55Religious exemptions+60Renters & rent+50

The sign shows the bill's direction on each issue (+ toward, − away); the number is its magnitude. Color never encodes good or bad, and never party.

Who it affects

Who it helps · who it burdens.

Who it helps

  • LGBTQ+ individuals and people discriminated against based on sex, gender identity, or sexual orientationGain explicit federal nondiscrimination protections in public accommodations, housing, employment, credit, public education, federally funded programs, and jury service (Sec. 3–12).provisional
  • Transgender and gender non-conforming individualsGain explicit protections guaranteeing access to shared restrooms, locker rooms, and dressing rooms corresponding to their gender identity in covered facilities and public accommodations (Sec. 9(2)).provisional

Who it burdens

  • Retailers, service providers, and public accommodationsSubject to expanded federal public accommodations laws barring discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity across an expanded list of establishments, including online retailers, healthcare providers, banks, shelters, and transit (Sec. 3).provisional
  • Private and public employersProhibited from discriminating on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity in hiring, firing, and terms of employment, and required to recognize gender identity when sex is a bona fide job qualification (Sec. 7).provisional
  • Housing providers, landlords, and mortgage lendersProhibited from discriminating or engaging in intimidation based on sexual orientation or gender identity in the sale, rental, advertising, or financing of residential property (Sec. 10).provisional
  • Creditors and financial institutionsProhibited under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act from discriminating against applicants based on sexual orientation or gender identity in any credit or loan transaction (Sec. 11).provisional
  • State and local government agencies and public schoolsProhibited from discriminating based on sex, sexual orientation, or gender identity in public facilities, public schools, and federally assisted programs, and face potential Department of Justice civil actions for violations (Sec. 4, Sec. 5, Sec. 6).provisional

Who opposes it

  • Parties seeking religious exemptions under RFRAExplicitly barred from using the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (RFRA) as a defense against discrimination claims or as a basis to challenge covered civil rights provisions (Sec. 9(3), Sec. 10(a)(6), Sec. 11(d)).provisional

Dollar-level funding (FEC sector totals) is coming in a later phase.

What it does

The provisions, in plain language.

  1. Expands federal public accommodations law to prohibit discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity, and broadens covered establishments to include retail stores, online providers, banks, healthcare providers, shelters, and transportation services.

    Sec. 3provisional
  2. Prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in public schools and universities, and authorizes the Department of Justice to file civil rights lawsuits against noncompliant schools.

    Sec. 5provisional
  3. Prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity in any program or activity that receives federal financial assistance.

    Sec. 6provisional
  4. Prohibits employment discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity, and requires employers to recognize an individual's gender identity when sex is a bona fide job qualification.

    Sec. 7(a)-(e)provisional
  5. Guarantees individuals access to shared public facilities, including restrooms, locker rooms, and dressing rooms, in accordance with their gender identity.

    Sec. 9(2)provisional
  6. Bars individuals and entities from using the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 to challenge civil rights provisions or defend against discrimination claims covered under the law.

    Sec. 9(3)provisional
  7. Prohibits discrimination and intimidation based on sexual orientation and gender identity in the sale, rental, financing, or advertising of housing.

    Sec. 10provisional
  8. Prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in credit, loan, and financial transactions.

    Sec. 11provisional
  9. Prohibits excluding or disqualifying individuals from serving on federal grand or petit juries based on their sexual orientation or gender identity.

    Sec. 12(a)provisional

How your members of Congress line up

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Timeline

How it moved.

  1. Apr 29, 2025Referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Workforce, Financial Services, House Administration, and Oversight and Government Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
  2. Apr 29, 2025Introduced in House
  3. Apr 29, 2025Introduced in House

The original text

Read it for yourself.

Sources & provenance

Congress.govrefreshed 9 days ago

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