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CIVIC HERALD
HR 3944 · 119th Congress · HouseOther

Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, Agriculture, and Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2026

In plain language: This legislation funds military construction, veterans’ benefits and healthcare, agriculture, food assistance, and congressional operations for fiscal year 2026. For veterans, it finances specialized healthcare, caregiver support, and fertility treatments, ensures medical cannabis users are not denied VA services, and bars the VA from flagging veterans to the federal gun background check system without a judge finding them dangerous. In agriculture and consumer protection, the measure provides over $118 billion for SNAP, funds rural water and broadband upgrades, and dedicates $200 million to crack down on unauthorized disposable e-cigarettes. Additionally, it freezes pay increases for members of Congress, extends workplace nursing protections to legislative employees, and increases funding for Capitol and lawmaker security.

Provisional: our plain-language summary, pending review.

Provisionalunreviewed: impact, issue tags, provisions, stakeholders, summary
People affectedNot determinable from the text provided. The bill impacts tens of millions of individuals across diverse groups (veterans receiving VA healthcare and benefits, SNAP recipients, military service members, and federal agricultural/congressional personnel), but specifies no aggregate population count.
Fiscal magnitudeNot determinable from the text provided. While individual line items and transfers are specified (including $118,140,341,000 for SNAP in Sec. 787, $900 million in Sec. 251, and various multi-million dollar construction and administrative amounts), the text provides an incomplete set of accounts and general provisions rather than the full consolidated topline appropriations.
Reach60provisional · pending reviewrigor: heuristic llm
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Issues

What this bill touches.

Spending vs. restraint+20Abortion policySubstance use & mental health+30Firearms−25Military budget+25Trade & tariffs−25Veterans' care delivery+35Internet & broadband+15SNAP & nutrition+18Farm policy & subsidies+25Public works+25Native American affairs+30Animal protection+25

The sign shows the bill's direction on each issue (+ toward, − away); the number is its magnitude. Color never encodes good or bad, and never party.

Who it affects

Who it helps · who it burdens.

Who it helps

  • Veterans with service-connected infertilityAuthorizes the Department of Veterans Affairs to use medical funds to provide fertility counseling, assisted reproductive technology (including in vitro fertilization and unlimited embryo storage), and adoption reimbursements to veterans with service-connected infertility (Sec. 233(a)).provisional
  • Veterans participating in state-approved medical marijuana programsProhibits the Department of Veterans Affairs from denying healthcare benefits or interfering with medical treatment for veterans who participate in state-approved medical marijuana programs, and allows VA physicians to complete state forms (Sec. 261).provisional
  • Legislative branch nursing employeesExtends Fair Labor Standards Act workplace protections, including lactation breaks and private lactation spaces, to legislative branch employees under the Congressional Accountability Act (Sec. 212).provisional
  • Domestic iron and steel manufacturersBans procurement of steel for military construction if domestic producers were denied an opportunity to compete, and mandates the use of American iron and steel in rural water and waste disposal construction projects (Sec. 108, Sec. 731(a)(1)).provisional
  • Tribal-owned and Native Hawaiian-owned contractorsExempts majority Tribal-owned and Native Hawaiian-owned businesses from certain federal competition restrictions when converting VA health administration, benefits, and cemetery functions to contract work (Sec. 235).provisional
  • Local law enforcement agencies providing Capitol mutual aidTransfers and appropriates tens of millions of dollars to reimburse local law enforcement departments for mutual aid and related training provided to the Capitol Police through fiscal year 2030 (Sec. 110, Sec. 213(b)).provisional

Who it burdens

  • Members of CongressFreezes congressional pay by blocking the statutory cost-of-living adjustment for Members of Congress during fiscal year 2026 (Sec. 211).provisional
  • Meat, poultry, and egg processing establishmentsAuthorizes the Food Safety and Inspection Service to charge meat, poultry, and egg processing facilities for inspection services provided outside approved shifts or on federal holidays (Sec. 729).provisional
  • VA patients with non-service-connected disabilitiesBars the VA from funding medical care for non-service-connected conditions unless patients disclose third-party health insurance details, and authorizes the VA to recover reasonable charges as a legal debt for noncompliance (Sec. 211).provisional
  • Guaranteed business and industry loan borrowersAuthorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to assess a one-time fee of up to 3 percent of the guaranteed principal amount on guaranteed business and industry loans (Sec. 717).provisional
  • Underperforming federal contractorsBars the VA and the Architect of the Capitol from paying award, incentive, or bonus fees to contractors whose work is late, over budget, or below satisfactory standards without specific exemptions (Sec. 120, Sec. 258).provisional

Who opposes it

  • Commercial horse slaughter operationsProhibits the Department of Agriculture from using funds to inspect horses for slaughter, effectively banning commercial horse slaughter for human consumption (Sec. 756).provisional
  • Huawei Technologies Company and ZTE CorporationProhibits legislative branch agencies from procuring telecommunications equipment manufactured by Huawei Technologies Company or ZTE Corporation (Sec. 208).provisional
  • Manufacturers and distributors of illicit electronic nicotine delivery systemsEarmarks at least $200 million from tobacco user fees for FDA enforcement against illicit e-cigarettes and flavored disposable vapes, and authorizes seizing illicit imports (Sec. 773(a), (d)).provisional

Dollar-level funding (FEC sector totals) is coming in a later phase.

What it does

The provisions, in plain language.

  1. Authorizes the Department of Veterans Affairs to use medical funds to provide fertility counseling, assisted reproductive treatments (including in vitro fertilization and unlimited embryo storage), and adoption reimbursements to veterans with service-connected infertility.

    Sec. 233(a)provisional
  2. Earmarks Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare funding for specific programs, including $6.36 billion for telehealth, $3.5 billion for caregivers, $3.46 billion for homelessness programs, $1.43 billion for women veterans' care, $710 million for opioid prevention, and $698 million for suicide prevention outreach.

    Sec. 250provisional
  3. Prohibits the Department of Veterans Affairs from interfering with a veteran's participation in a state-approved medical marijuana program, denying healthcare benefits because of participation, or blocking VA doctors from completing state program paperwork.

    Sec. 261provisional
  4. Prohibits the Department of Veterans Affairs from reporting a veteran to the FBI's National Instant Criminal Background Check System as mentally incapacitated without a judicial finding that the individual is dangerous.

    Sec. 412provisional
  5. Requires all iron and steel used in federally funded rural water and waste disposal construction projects to be produced in the United States, subject to limited public waiver criteria.

    Sec. 731(a)(1)provisional
  6. Prohibits the Department of Agriculture from spending funds to inspect horse slaughterhouses, effectively banning commercial horse slaughter for human consumption.

    Sec. 756provisional
  7. Earmarks at least $200 million from tobacco user fees for Food and Drug Administration enforcement against illicit e-cigarettes and vapes, prioritize actions against disposable flavored products, and allows seizing illicit imported tobacco.

    Sec. 773(a)provisional
  8. Appropriates $118.14 billion for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), including $4 million for the Healthy Fluid Milk Incentives Program.

    Sec. 787(1)provisional
  9. Freezes congressional pay by blocking the statutory cost-of-living adjustment for Members of Congress during fiscal year 2026.

    Sec. 211provisional
  10. Appropriates emergency funding for congressional security, including $18.5 million for the Senate Sergeant at Arms ($15 million for Member protection and $3.5 million for residential security), $25 million for Capitol Police mutual aid reimbursements, and $1 million for residential security support.

    Sec. 213(a)provisional

How your members of Congress line up

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Timeline

How it moved.

  1. Sep 18, 2025Message on House action received in Senate and at desk: House requests a conference.
  2. Sep 11, 2025The Speaker appointed conferees: Cole, Aderholt, Carter of Texas, Harris of Maryland, Valadao, Newhouse, Moolenaar, Rutherford, Cline, Hinson, Letlow, Guest, Zinke, Bice, Scott Franklin of Florida, LaLota, Strong, Maloy, Moore of West Virginia, DeLauro, Hoyer, Kaptur, Bishop, Wasserman Schultz, Cuellar, Pingree, Quigley, Espaillat, Underwood, Levin, Escobar, and Perez.
  3. Sep 11, 2025Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
  4. Sep 11, 2025On motion that the House instruct conferees Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 211 - 213 (Roll no. 263). (consideration: CR H4249)
  5. Sep 11, 2025Resolving differences -- House actions: On motion that the House instruct conferees Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 211 - 213 (Roll no. 263). (consideration: CR H4249-4250: 2)
  6. Sep 10, 2025The previous question was ordered without objection.
  7. Sep 10, 2025Ms. DeLauro moved that the House instruct conferees.
  8. Sep 10, 2025On motion that the House disagree to the Senate amendment, and request a conference Agreed to by voice vote.
  9. Sep 10, 2025Resolving differences -- House actions: On motion that the House disagree to the Senate amendment, and request a conference Agreed to by voice vote.
  10. Sep 10, 2025The previous question was ordered without objection.
  11. Sep 10, 2025Mr. Cole moved that the House disagree to the Senate amendment, and request a conference.
  12. Aug 1, 2025Passed Senate under the order of 8/1/2025, having achieved 60 votes in the affirmative, with an amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 87 - 9. Record Vote Number: 480.
  13. Aug 1, 2025Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate under the order of 8/1/2025, having achieved 60 votes in the affirmative, with an amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 87 - 9. Record Vote Number: 480.
  14. Jul 23, 2025Motion to proceed to consideration of measure agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 90 - 8. Record Vote Number: 428.
  15. Jul 22, 2025Cloture on the motion to proceed to the measure invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 91 - 7. Record Vote Number: 423. (CR S4520)
  16. Jul 17, 2025Cloture motion on the motion to proceed to the measure presented in Senate. (CR S4449)
  17. Jul 17, 2025Committee on Appropriations. Reported by Senator Boozman with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 119-43.
  18. Jul 17, 2025Committee on Appropriations. Reported by Senator Boozman with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 119-43.
  19. Jul 17, 2025Committee on Appropriations. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.
  20. Jun 25, 2025Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
  21. Jun 25, 2025On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 218 - 206 (Roll no. 182).
  22. Jun 25, 2025Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 218 - 206 (Roll no. 182).
  23. Jun 25, 2025On motion to recommit Failed by the Yeas and Nays: 208 - 216 (Roll no. 181).
  24. Jun 25, 2025The House adopted the amendments en gros as agreed to by the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.
  25. Jun 25, 2025On motion that the committee rise Agreed to by voice vote.
  26. Jun 23, 2025Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 530 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 3944, H.R. 275, H.R. 875 and H. Res. 516. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 3944 under a structured rule and H.R. 275, H.R. 875, and H.Res. 516 under a closed rule, with one hour of general debate on each measure. The resolution provides for one motion to recommit on H.R. 3944, H.R. 275, and H.R. 875.
  27. Jun 12, 2025The House Committee on Appropriations reported an original measure, H. Rept. 119-161, by Mr. Carter (TX).
  28. Jun 12, 2025The House Committee on Appropriations reported an original measure, H. Rept. 119-161, by Mr. Carter (TX).

The original text

Read it for yourself.

Sources & provenance

Congress.govrefreshed 6 days ago

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